New Update Question Bank of Genetics and Plant Breeding (207)

Question Bank of Genetics and Plant Breeding (207).https://cststudy.blogspot.com/


Question Bank of Genetics and Plant Breeding (207)


1. Cytology:

(a) Define cell. (15)
(b) Draw and label a plant cell. (15)
(c) What is meant by meiotic cell division? (14)
(c) Describe meiotic cell division. (11)                                                           
(d) Briefly describe the events of prophase-I in Meiosis-I cell division. (14)
(e) Write down the genetical significance of mitotic and meiotic cell division. (14, 13, only meiotic-10)
(c) Describe the principal events of mitosis cell division. (15)
(d) Define chromosome. (14, 13, 10)
(e) Write the special types of chromosomes. (15, 14, brief-11)
(e) Write down the types and special types of chromosomes. (13)
(f) Write the genetical significance of chromosome. (13, 11)
(e) Classify chromosome according to the point of Centromere. (15)                        
(f) Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosome. (15)
(g) What is karyotype? Narrate the euchromatin and heterochromatin. (14)
(g) Describe the structural changes of chromosomes and their cytogenetic consequence. (15)
(h) Write the cytogenetic of polyploid wheat in relation to origin and distribution. (15)
(i) Write the cytogenetic of wheat in relation to origin and distribution. (14)
(j) What is sex chromosome? (14)
(k)
(l) Describe in brief the morphology of eukaryotic chromosome and material of chromosome. (13)
(m) What is cytokinesis? (13)
(n) Describe the meiotic cell division. (13)
(o) Write down the events in diakinesis stage in meiotic cell division. (13)
(p) Define cell division. (11)
(r) Describe in brief the materials of eukaryotic chromosomes. (11)       
(s) What is meant by haploid and diploid (10) chromosome? (11)
(t) Write the events in pachytene stage in meiotic cell division. (11)
(u) Write down the material of chromosome. (10)
(2) Genetics:
* Introduction:
*Physical basis of heredity:
(a)  What is translocation of chromosome? (12)
(b) Give short notes on origin of translocation. (12)
(c) Describe the types of translocation with labelled diagram. (12)
(d) Give the mechanism of sex determination. (14, 10)

* Mendel’s law of inheritance:
(a) Who is Mendel? (14, 11)
(b) Write the set of character of his experimental plant. (14)                                           
(c) Write Mendel’s selection of the experimental plant. (11)                       
(d) Why did Mendel select pea plant as his experimental materials? (12)
(e) Write down Mendel’s 1st and 2nd law. (10)                                              
(f) Write the law of independent assortment. Give the mechanism of the law. (15, 14, 13, 12, 11)                                                                                                           
(g) Define self-incompatibility. (15, 14, 10)
(h) Explain the series of self-incompatibility.  (15)
(i) Write down the types of self-incompatibility. (14, 10)
(j) What is co-dominance? (15, 12)
(k) Explain complementary factor (9:7). (15, 12)      
(l) Explain the law of segregation with example. (14, 12, 11)
(m) Explain supplementary factor (9:3:4). (13, 10)
(n) Explain epitasis (12:3:1). (14, 11)                                                                                                                                                   
(o) What is mean lethal factor? (10)

* Modification of Mendel’s Monohybrid and Dihybrid:
(a) Explain multiple allele with suitable example. (10)                             
(b)Write down the characteristics of multiple alleles. (10)                     
(c)Prove that the genes a-1 and a-2 are allele to each other. (10)  
        
*Linkage and Crossing Over:
(a) What is crossing over? (12)
(b) What is meant by test-cross and back cross? (10)                                        
(c) Differentiate between test-cross and back cross. (15, 13)
(d) Differentiate between test-cross and out cross. (12)
(e) Define linkage and crossing over. (15, 14, 11)
(f) State the mechanism of crossing over with neat diagram. (15, 11)
(g) Compare between crossing over and linkage. (15)
(h) State the factors influencing crossing over. (14)
(i) Define linkage (12) and linkage group. (13, 11, 10)
(j) State the Morgan and Castle’s hypothesis on linkage. (13, 12, 10)
(k) What is recombination? (13)
(l) Explain the Darlington’s theory on crossing over. (13, 12)
(m) Write down the genetical significance of linkage and crossing over. (13)     
(n) Write down the importance of linkage and significance of crossing over. (12, 10)
(o) Describe in brief the importance of linkage and crossing over. (11)       

* Gene:
(a) List the chemical composition of DNA and RNA. (15)
(b) State the salient features of DNA double helix. (15)
(c) Compare between DNA and RNA. (15, 13, 10)
(d) Differentiate between the following terms; (14)
     (i) Complete dominance and co-dominance. (compare-11)
     (ii) Back cross and test cross.
     (iii) DNA and RNA.
     (iv) Genotype and phenotype.
(e) Explain multiple alleles with its characters and examples. (13)
(f) Briefly describe the classical concept of gene. (13)
(f) Briefly describe the classical and modern concept of gene. (12)
(g) What is meant by cistron, recon and muton? (13)
(h) Write down the salient features of Watson and Crick’s model of DNA. (13)
(i) List purine and pyrimidine bases of DNA and RNA. (13)
(j) What do you mean by term “karyotype”? (12)
(k) Describe the observation process of karyotype. (12)
(l) Describe the role of karyotype in crop diversity and evolution. (12)
(m) Prove that DNA is the genetical material. (10)
(n) Write down the chemical composition of DNA and RNA. (10)

* Mutation:
(a) Define mutation. (14, 13, 12, 11)
(b) Give the characteristics of mutation. (14, 13, 12, 11)
(c) Give a list of mutagonic agents used in mutation. (14, 12, 11, 10)
(d) Write in brief the structural changes of chromosome in the events of chromosomal mutation with genetic effects. (13, 11)
(e) Write down the types of mutation. (10)
(f) Briefly describe the chromosomal mutation. (10)     
                              
 * Male sterility:
(a) What is male sterility? (15, 14, 11)
(b) Describe the different types of male sterility with their ratio. (15)
(c) Write down the different types of male sterility found in plant. (14, 11, 10)
(d) Briefly describe the cause of male sterility. (14, 11)
(e) Outline the pathway for transferring cytoplasmic male sterility to a new strain. (11)
(f) What is meant by self incompatibility? (10)

* Short Notes:
(a) Meiosis-I. (15)
(b) Lethal factor. (15, 11)
(c) Secrets of Mendel success. (15, 13)
(d) Factor affecting crossing over. (15)
(e) Karyotype. (15)
(f) Meiosis-II. (14)
(g) Complementary factor (9:7). (14, 11)
(h) Crossing over. (14)
(i) Watson and Crick’s model of DNA. (14)
(j) Mutagen. (13, 10)
(k) Heterodominance. (13)
(l) Prophase-I. (13)
(m) Male sterility. (13, 12)
(n) Prokaryotic chromosome. (12)
(o) DNA. (12)
(p) Ultra structure of eukaryotic gene. (12)
(q) Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell. (12)
(r) Back cross and test cross. (11)
(s) Metaphase-I and Anaphase-I. (11)
(t) Mechanism of sex determination. (11)
(u) Coupling phase and Repulsion phase. (10)
(v) Prophase. (10)
(w) Epitasis. (10)
(x) Sex chromosome. (10)

(y) Co-dominance. (10)


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